Over the years, organisations become even more complex as they involve numerous departments and complicated structures. In order for organisations to be in control of the way their units operate and are connected to each other they must ensure that there are specific processes in place. These processes must have a holistic view of the organisation to ensure that all aspects of the organisation, its environment and the nature of its operations are considered. Furthermore, the management of the organisation must have a systemic perspective, meaning that all systems that are likely to be involved in the organisation’s processes must be included. A systemic approach also means that the organisation must consider the systems that must be in place and will help in controlling its processes and deal with any management issues

The organisation’s strategic management could be described as a process that involves the following stages

Strategic planning – this is a process that aligns the various policies of the organisation and ensures that a clear plan is provided for the way the organisation’s resources are used towards its targets

Performance and budget planning – this is a process concerned with the evaluation of the organisation’s performance against set targets. The process also involves an analysis and plan of the organisation’s resources with emphasis placed on budgeting

Performance evaluation – this is a process that focuses on the evaluation of the organisation’s overall performance with the aid of specific success criteria selected to suit the organisation’s characteristics

The above perspective of strategic management is suggested by the well-known US space agency, NASA. It can be described as an iterative process, allowing the organisation to adapt to any changes by reconsidering its strategic management